No denial from me that IRL there exists lots of program at university on agricultural fields and not just agronomy. Even Bill Gates, the last boss of the game is investing in agriculture and farm fields in real life from what the online newspaper is telling me
My quick work-around was to dedicate landmarks to livestock product, and another landmark dedicated to the plant category i added this to increase competitiveness above the threshold for exporting.
For the gourmet ham, one can consider you need to increase the quality of ham at the farm with higher budget to represent you feed pigs with a special diet. In this case there could be a product called "HAM" and another one called "GOURMET HAM" where quality is more important relative to price for the later.
Though the problem would be that a new farm would need to start from a low quality, while in real life even the first generation of pigs to make ham would be of that higher quality.
Same for researching new seeds for plants. Say you develop a corn seed resistant to snow, or a super highly productive seed, or a super tasty corn. Those in real life can be achieved through traditionnal seed selection requiring breeding and time for the next generation of plant to come up ( not the snow-resistant that one is a joke.) In this case it is normal to start from a lower quality of corn.
But those can also be researched in labs were GMO or gene analysis are methods used to create seeds than then are from the first generation at the potential of already existing high-quality corn. This is not the same as the farming expertise. Nor it is the same as the farmer training, or the farm budget although the farmers need to be knowledgeable about the specifics of the new seeds, farm buying higher quality seeds must invest more money into them and it requires some farming expertise to select the proper seeds for the proper objective and constraint.
The main difference is that "expertise" or "quality" achieved in 1 farm is not something you can duplicate or scale to other farms in games where in real life there would be some methods and process developed in the 1rst farm that you would use on the 2nd farm.
Also in real life 150 years ago bananas had seeds in them but now around 50% of them traded in the world are genetically similar "Cavendish" bananas. It goes up to 99% when considering the bananas that enter european market for example... Now those bananas without seed you can't use the traditionnal method of breeding to increase quality over time with selection, since they only reproduce by human intervention to clone them. And they are vulnerable to a disease which threatens the industry of big unexpected losses.
There are some real life programs trying to create new seeds of bananas, and no doubt if they succeed it would be adopted in many many banana plantations but banana grow on trees and young banana trees don't produce fruits, so you need to wait a few years to get the first fruits, and at this point only you may realise the fruits are not tasty or still not disease-resistant and the research is not sucessful. Hence why even in countries where genenome modification of plant is forbidden, gene analysis is still sometimes used to try and cut on time.
At this point this sounds very similar to research and development for a manufactured product. This doesn't happen in farm that produce in large quantities but in labs or experimental farms. And then the results are applied to larger scale if succesful a bit similar to the farming expertise, except it should only apply to a certain type of product.
Adding those to university research seems like it would make sense from a this point of view. I am not sure it is feasible in the game due to the specifity of that kind of product though. When a farming unit increase in level it increase the quality of the good produced, not when a manufacturing unit increase in level here it only increases quantity. The research at the university increases the quality of manufactured product in a city. Which is not double effect with training in a manufacturing unit but would be for farm products. There would therefore be less benefit to receive when investing into livestock or plant at the university when you already have farming expertise. This may not be a problem for players, but could lead to AI having trouble properly evaluating their options and decisions or other things i ignore.